the block would capture a strong reference to self

http://blog.csdn.net/likendsl/article/details/37764813
另一种RAC装B写法的解说
http://www.jianshu.com/p/3d6c4416db5e

weak strong dance

常看到一个block要使用self，会处理成在外部声明一个weak变量指向self，在block里又声明一个strong变量指向weakSelf：

__weak __typeof(self)weakSelf = self;
self.backgroundTaskIdentifier = [application beginBackgroundTaskWithExpirationHandler:^{
    __strong __typeof(weakSelf)strongSelf = weakSelf;
}];

weakSelf是为了block不持有self，避免循环引用，而再声明一个strongSelf是因为一旦进入block执行，就不允许self在这个执行过程中释放。block执行完后这个strongSelf会自动释放，没有循环引用问题。

可以用以下的宏定义

#ifndef    weakify
#if __has_feature(objc_arc)

#define weakify( x ) \
_Pragma("clang diagnostic push") \
_Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wshadow\"") \
autoreleasepool{} __weak __typeof__(x) __weak_##x##__ = x; \
_Pragma("clang diagnostic pop")

#else

#define weakify( x ) \
_Pragma("clang diagnostic push") \
_Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wshadow\"") \
autoreleasepool{} __block __typeof__(x) __block_##x##__ = x; \
_Pragma("clang diagnostic pop")

#endif
#endif

#ifndef    strongify
#if __has_feature(objc_arc)

#define strongify( x ) \
_Pragma("clang diagnostic push") \
_Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wshadow\"") \
try{} @finally{} __typeof__(x) x = __weak_##x##__; \
_Pragma("clang diagnostic pop")

#else

#define strongify( x ) \
_Pragma("clang diagnostic push") \
_Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wshadow\"") \
try{} @finally{} __typeof__(x) x = __block_##x##__; \
_Pragma("clang diagnostic pop")

#endif
#endif